What type of change is pre-authorized, low risk, relatively common, and follows a procedure or work instruction?

A standard change in ITIL change management is pre-authorized because its risk profile and steps are well understood and documented in advance as a procedure or work instruction. Because it is low risk and repeatable, it does not require a new change request or CAB review each time it is executed.

An emergency change is required urgently to resolve a critical incident or outage and bypasses parts of the normal process - it is neither pre-authorized nor routine.

Internal change is not a recognized change type in the ITIL change management framework.

A normal change requires full assessment, documentation, and approval through the change advisory board process and is not pre-authorized or routine in nature.