During which of the following process groups is the project charter developed?

The project charter is created during the Initiating phase (pre-project setup), where the project is formally authorized, the project manager is assigned authority, and high-level scope, objectives, and stakeholders are identified. This document must exist before planning or execution can begin.

Project execution focuses on carrying out the work defined in the project management plan; the charter is a prerequisite and already exists by this stage.

Project planning produces the project management plan and subsidiary plans, but the charter - which authorizes the planning effort itself - must be completed first.

Project control (monitoring and controlling) involves tracking performance against baselines; the charter is an input to this phase, not an output.