A network engineering team is in the process of designing a lab network for a customer demonstration. The design engineer wants to show that the resiliency of the MPLS traffic Engineering Fast Reroute

TE backup tunnel is a generic term and does not specifically identify the NNHop type required to address both link and node failures simultaneously.

NHop (Next-Hop) backup tunnels only protect against link failures by rerouting around the next link; they do not provide node failure protection because traffic still traverses the next node.

FRR backup tunnel is a general category name and does not distinguish the NNHop type that is specifically required to handle node failures in addition to link failures.

Next-Next-Hop (NNHop) backup tunnels bypass both the next link and the next node in the LSP path, providing protection against node failures in addition to link failures. Since the backup LSP is pre-established and pre-signaled before any failure occurs, traffic can be locally rerouted in under 50ms when a failure is detected, matching SONET/SDH resiliency targets. NNHop tunnels are specifically required when node failure protection is needed, as NHop tunnels only protect against link failures.