Which of the following cost estimating techniques uses previous, similar projects as a basis of estimating costs for the current project?

Top-down estimating is a broad category, and while analogous estimating falls under it, 'Top-down estimating' itself describes the direction of estimation (from overall project down to components) rather than the specific technique of using similar projects.

Parametric estimating uses a statistical relationship between historical data and other variables (e.g., cost per line of code, cost per square foot) to calculate an estimate.

Bottom-up estimating involves estimating the cost of individual work packages or activities and then rolling them up to get a total project cost.

Analogous estimating is a top-down cost estimating technique that uses the actual cost or duration from a previous, similar project as the basis for estimating the cost or duration of the current project. It relies on historical data and expert judgment, especially when detailed information is scarce.