Which of the following charts is a quality control tool to show categories of defects?

A Pareto chart combines a bar chart and a line graph to display defect categories ranked from most to least frequent, applying the 80/20 principle to help teams focus improvement efforts on the vital few causes. It is explicitly recognized in PMBOK and quality management standards as a quality control tool for defect categorization and prioritization.

A RACI chart is a responsibility assignment matrix used to clarify roles and responsibilities across project activities, not a tool for analyzing defect data.

A Gantt chart is a project scheduling tool that displays tasks against a timeline, not a quality control tool for categorizing defects.

A RAM (Responsibility Assignment Matrix) maps project resources to work packages to show who is responsible for what, unrelated to defect tracking or quality analysis.