What document defines the business needs, identifies key stakeholders, and describes the positive impact the solution will provide on the key stakeholders?

The project charter formally authorizes the project and names a project manager, but its primary purpose is authorization rather than describing stakeholder impact or business needs in depth.

The project scope statement defines what work is included and excluded from the project, not the business needs or expected stakeholder benefits.

Solution scope describes the boundaries and specific capabilities of the proposed solution, not the broader business needs or stakeholder identification.

The vision statement serves as the strategic foundation for a business analysis effort by articulating the business needs that justify the work, identifying the key stakeholders who are affected, and communicating the positive impact the solution is expected to create for those stakeholders. It establishes the 'why' behind the initiative and guides all subsequent analysis.