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AZ-500 · Question #301

Case Study 3 - Fabrikam, Inc General Overview Fabrikam, Inc. is a consulting company that has a main office in Montreal and branch offices in Seattle and New York. Fabrikam has IT, human resources…

The correct answer is C. VM2, VM3, and VM4 only. Explanation Why C is correct: Just-in-Time (JIT) VM access in Microsoft Defender for Cloud (formerly Azure Security Center) requires VMs to be associated with a Network Security Group (NSG). Based on the scenario's VM table, VM2, VM3, and VM4 have NSGs associated with them…

Submitted by certguy· Mar 6, 2026Secure Azure using Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Microsoft Sentinel

Question

Case Study 3 - Fabrikam, Inc General Overview Fabrikam, Inc. is a consulting company that has a main office in Montreal and branch offices in Seattle and New York. Fabrikam has IT, human resources (HR), and finance departments. Existing Environment Network Environment Fabrikam has a Microsoft 365 subscription and an Azure subscription named subscription1. The network contains an on-premises Active Directory domain named Fabrikam.com. The domain contains two organizational units (OUs) named OU1 and OU2. Azure AD Connect cloud sync syncs only OU1. The Azure resources hierarchy is shown in the following exhibit. The Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) tenant contains the users shown in the following table. Azure AD contains the resources shown in the following table. Subscription1 Resources Subscription1 contains the virtual networks shown in the following table. Subscription1 contains the network security groups (NSGs) shown in the following table. Subscription1 contains the virtual machines shown in the following table. Subscription1 contains the Azure key vaults shown in the following table. Subscription1 contains a storage account named storage1 in the West US Azure region. Planned Changes and Requirements Planned Changes Fabrikam plans to implement the following changes: Create two application security groups as shown in the following table. Associate the network interface of VM1 to ASG1. Deploy SecPol1 by using Azure Security Center. Deploy a third-party app named App1. A version of App1 exists for all available operating systems. Create a resource group named RG2. Sync OU2 to Azure AD. Add User1 to Group1. Technical Requirements Fabrikam identifies the following technical requirements: The finance department users must reauthenticate after three hours when they access SharePoint Online. Storage1 must be encrypted by using customer-managed keys and automatic key rotation. From Sentinel1, you must ensure that the following notebooks can be launched: - Entity Explorer - Account - Entity Explorer - Windows Host - Guided Investigation Process Alerts VM1, VM2, and VM3 must be encrypted by using Azure Disk Encryption. Just in time (JIT) VM access for VM1, VM2, and VM3 must be enabled. App1 must use a secure connection string stored in KeyVault1. KeyVault1 traffic must NOT travel over the internet. You plan to implement JIT VM access. Which virtual machines will be supported?

Options

  • AVM1 and VM3 only
  • BVM1, VM2, VM3, and VM4
  • CVM2, VM3, and VM4 only
  • DVM1 only

How the community answered

(44 responses)
  • A
    18% (8)
  • B
    11% (5)
  • C
    66% (29)
  • D
    5% (2)

Explanation

Explanation

Why C is correct: Just-in-Time (JIT) VM access in Microsoft Defender for Cloud (formerly Azure Security Center) requires VMs to be associated with a Network Security Group (NSG). Based on the scenario's VM table, VM2, VM3, and VM4 have NSGs associated with them, making them eligible for JIT VM access, while VM1 does not have an NSG association in its current configuration.

Why the distractors are wrong:

  • A (VM1 and VM3 only) is incorrect because VM1 lacks the required NSG association needed for JIT, and VM4 is also supported.
  • B (VM1, VM2, VM3, and VM4) is incorrect because VM1 is not eligible without an NSG - the planned change to associate VM1 with ASG1 does not substitute for an NSG requirement.
  • D (VM1 only) is incorrect for the same reason - VM1 cannot support JIT without an NSG, and it incorrectly excludes the other eligible VMs.

Memory Tip: Think of JIT as a "gatekeeper" - it needs an NSG to act as the gate. No NSG = No JIT. When reviewing VM eligibility for JIT, always check for NSG association first, and remember that Application Security Groups (ASGs) alone are not a substitute for NSGs in enabling JIT access.

Topics

#Just-in-Time VM access#Azure Defender for Cloud#Virtual Machine Security#Azure Resource Manager (ARM) vs Classic

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