A network engineering team is in the process of designing a lab network for a customer demonstration. The design engineer wants to show that the resiliency of the MPLS traffic Engineering Fast…

TE backup tunnel is a generic term and does not specifically address node failure protection - without the NNHop characteristic it only covers link failure.

An NHop (next-hop) bypass tunnel terminates at the next-hop router and therefore cannot protect against node failure of that same next-hop router.

FRR backup tunnel is also a general term; a backup tunnel that terminates at the next hop provides link protection only, not node protection.

An NNHop bypass tunnel originates at the Point of Local Repair (PLR) and terminates at the router two hops downstream, bypassing the immediate next-hop node entirely. Because the tunnel skips over the next-hop router, traffic is protected from both link failures (between PLR and next hop) and node failures (the next-hop router itself going down), which is the only way to meet full resiliency requirements comparable to SONET/SDH 50ms protection.