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CISA · Question #155

When testing the accuracy of transaction data, which of the following situations BEST justifies the use of a smaller sample size?

The correct answer is D. It is expected that the population is error-free. A smaller sample size is justified when there is a high expectation that the entire data population is error-free, as this indicates a lower risk of material misstatement.

Submitted by femi9· Apr 18, 2026Information System Auditing Process

Question

When testing the accuracy of transaction data, which of the following situations BEST justifies the use of a smaller sample size?

Options

  • AProper separation of duties is in place.
  • BThe IS audit staff has a high level of experience
  • CThe data can be directly changed by users.
  • DIt is expected that the population is error-free.

How the community answered

(47 responses)
  • A
    13% (6)
  • B
    2% (1)
  • C
    4% (2)
  • D
    81% (38)

Why each option

A smaller sample size is justified when there is a high expectation that the entire data population is error-free, as this indicates a lower risk of material misstatement.

AProper separation of duties is in place.

Proper separation of duties is a control strength, but by itself, it does not guarantee transaction data accuracy enough to significantly reduce sample size without further testing or strong historical evidence of accuracy.

BThe IS audit staff has a high level of experience

The experience of the audit staff may improve the efficiency of testing but does not change the statistical requirements for sample size based on population characteristics or control effectiveness.

CThe data can be directly changed by users.

If data can be directly changed by users, it increases the risk of error or manipulation, which would typically necessitate a larger, not smaller, sample size for accuracy testing.

DIt is expected that the population is error-free.Correct

If the IS auditor expects the population to be error-free or to have a very low error rate, this implies a low inherent risk or strong internal controls are in place, which reduces the need for extensive testing and thus allows for a smaller sample size while still providing sufficient assurance. The auditor's confidence in the population's quality directly influences the required sample size.

Concept tested: Audit sampling considerations

Source: https://www.aicpa.org/content/dam/aicpa/research/standards/auditattest/downloadabledocuments/au-c-0530.pdf

Topics

#Audit Sampling#Sample Size Determination#Expected Error Rate#Transaction Testing

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