An Internet standard protocol (built on top of TCP/IP) that assures accurate synchronization to the millisecond of computer clock times in a network of computers. Which of the following statement is t

Question

Options

• AStratum-0 servers are used on the network; they are not directly connected to computers which
• BStratum-1 time server is linked over a network path to a reliable source of UTC time such as
• CA stratum-2 server is directly linked (not over a network path) to a reliable source of UTC time
• DA stratum-3 server gets its time over a network link, via NTP, from a stratum-2 server, and so on

• A
  6% (2)
• C
  3% (1)
• D
  92% (33)

Explanation

NTP (Network Time Protocol) uses a hierarchical stratum model. Stratum-0 devices are high-precision time sources (e.g., atomic clocks, GPS) that are NOT directly connected to the network - they connect to Stratum-1 servers via a direct link (not over a network path). Stratum-1 servers are directly linked to a Stratum-0 source. Stratum-2 servers get their time via NTP from a Stratum-1 server over a network. Stratum-3 servers get their time via NTP from a Stratum-2 server, and this cascading pattern continues. Option D correctly describes this 'and so on' cascading behavior. Options A, B, and C have the stratum relationships reversed or incorrectly described.

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