At which layer of the OSJ model does the DNS resolution process occur?

DNS (Domain Name System) is an application-layer protocol that provides name-to-address resolution services directly consumed by user applications. It operates at OSI Layer 7, using UDP or TCP port 53 as its transport, but the resolution logic and message format are defined entirely at the application layer.

Layer 4 is the Transport layer, which provides UDP and TCP - the transport mechanisms DNS uses, not the layer where DNS resolution logic operates.

Layer 2 is the Data Link layer, which handles MAC addressing and frame delivery on a local network segment.

Layer 3 is the Network layer, responsible for IP addressing and routing - DNS resolves names to IP addresses but does not itself operate at this layer.