What are two examples of network layer protocols? (Choose two)

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps Layer 3 IP addresses to Layer 2 MAC addresses and is directly invoked by the IP stack to resolve next-hop addresses. It is tightly coupled to network layer operations and is classified as a network layer support protocol in the TCP/IP model.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) operates at Layer 4 of the OSI model, providing reliable connection-oriented data transport, not network layer addressing or delivery functions.

While IPv4 defines the network layer packet format and addressing scheme, it represents the overarching internetwork framework rather than a discrete operational protocol example in the way ARP and ICMP are.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is an interdomain path-vector routing protocol that runs over TCP port 179 and is classified at the application layer, not the network layer.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is encapsulated directly within IP datagrams at Layer 3 without a transport layer header. It delivers essential network layer functions including destination-unreachable notifications, time-exceeded messages, and echo request/reply used by ping and traceroute.