ARP provides translation between which two address types?

ARP works by broadcasting a request containing a known IP address and receiving a unicast reply with the corresponding MAC address, allowing a host to encapsulate IP packets into Layer 2 frames addressed to the correct physical destination on the local segment.

ARP does not translate between hardware addresses and VLANs; VLAN tagging is a separate Layer 2 function handled by IEEE 802.1Q and managed through switch port configuration.

ARP has no role in mapping VLANs to IP addresses; VLAN assignment is determined by switch configuration, not by any ARP exchange.

Hostname to IP address resolution is the function of DNS, not ARP; ARP only operates within a local Layer 2 segment to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.