USMLE · Question #594
A 40-year-old male is brought to the emergency department due to progressive memory loss, confusion, and urinary incontinence. Laboratory studies reveal a CD4 cell count of 25/mmֲ3. A MRI reveals…
The correct answer is B. HIV encephalitis. Patients with AIDS and a CD4 cell count of 25/mmֲ³ can develop many complications, including opportunistic infections, lymphomas, polyneuropathies, and subacute encephalitis. HIV gains access to the CNS through incoming macrophages and may cause a subacute inflammation of the…
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Options
- Aaspergillosis
- BHIV encephalitis
- Cmycobacterial infection
- Dprogressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- Evacuolar myelopathy
How the community answered
(43 responses)- A2% (1)
- B81% (35)
- C5% (2)
- D2% (1)
- E9% (4)
Explanation
Patients with AIDS and a CD4 cell count of 25/mmֲ³ can develop many complications, including opportunistic infections, lymphomas, polyneuropathies, and subacute encephalitis. HIV gains access to the CNS through incoming macrophages and may cause a subacute inflammation of the brain parenchyma known as HIV encephalitis, which typically occurs in AIDS patients with CD4 counts less than 200/mmֲ³. The presence of multinucleated giant cells is typical of HIV
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