Which of the following DoD Model layer provides non-repudiation services?

The correct answer is B. application layer. In the DoD (Department of Defense) network model, the Application layer provides non-repudiation services. Non-repudiation ensures that a party cannot deny having sent or received a message, and it is implemented through application-layer mechanisms such as digital signatures…

Submitted by dimitri_ru· Apr 18, 2026Network and Communications Security

Question

Which of the following DoD Model layer provides non-repudiation services?

Exhibit

Options

Anetwork layer.
Bapplication layer.
Ctransport layer.
Ddata link layer.

How the community answered

(45 responses)

A
4% (2)
B
87% (39)
C
2% (1)
D
7% (3)

Explanation

In the DoD (Department of Defense) network model, the Application layer provides non-repudiation services. Non-repudiation ensures that a party cannot deny having sent or received a message, and it is implemented through application-layer mechanisms such as digital signatures, public key infrastructure (PKI), and audit logging - all of which operate at the application level. The Network layer handles IP routing and addressing, the Transport layer manages end-to-end connections and reliability (TCP/UDP), and the Data Link layer manages physical addressing and frame delivery. Non-repudiation is a higher-level security service tied to application-layer protocols and cryptographic implementations.

Topics

#DoD Model#TCP/IP Model#Application layer#Non-repudiation

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