Which of the following would an administrator use to configure a server's BIOS settings even if the OS crashes?

A VPN provides secure network connectivity to a network but does not offer access to a server's pre-operating system settings like BIOS.

KVM over IP provides remote keyboard, video, and mouse access directly to the server's hardware console, effectively simulating a direct physical connection. This allows an administrator to interact with the BIOS/UEFI settings, boot menus, and even perform OS installations, irrespective of the operating system's state.

Telnet provides unencrypted command-line remote access at the operating system level and cannot be used to interact with BIOS.

Remote Desktop (RDP) provides graphical remote access to the operating system's desktop environment and cannot be used to interact with BIOS settings.