Which of the following is a nonvolatile form of memory that can be reprogrammed by using a special programming device, and need not to be removed from the PC to be reprogrammed?

PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) can be programmed only once using a special programmer and cannot be erased or reprogrammed afterward.

EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM) is nonvolatile and reprogrammable but must be physically removed from the circuit and exposed to UV light to erase its contents before reprogramming.

EEPROM retains data without power (nonvolatile) and uses electrical signals to erase and reprogram individual bytes in-circuit, meaning the chip does not need to be physically removed from the motherboard or device. This in-system programmability distinguishes it from EPROM, which requires UV light exposure after physical removal. Modern BIOS/UEFI chips commonly use EEPROM or its derivative Flash memory for this in-circuit reprogramming capability.

SRAM (Static RAM) is volatile memory that loses all contents when power is removed, disqualifying it as a nonvolatile memory type.

DRAM (Dynamic RAM) is also volatile and loses data when power is removed, making it unsuitable as a nonvolatile storage medium.