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CISA · Question #260

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk if two users have concurrent access to the same database record?

The correct answer is D. Data integrity. The greatest risk of two users having concurrent access to the same database record is data integrity loss, as simultaneous modifications can lead to inconsistent or corrupted data.

Submitted by zhang_li· Apr 18, 2026Protection of Information Assets

Question

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk if two users have concurrent access to the same database record?

Options

  • AEntity integrity
  • BAvailability integrity
  • CReferential integrity
  • DData integrity

How the community answered

(43 responses)
  • A
    5% (2)
  • B
    2% (1)
  • D
    93% (40)

Why each option

The greatest risk of two users having concurrent access to the same database record is data integrity loss, as simultaneous modifications can lead to inconsistent or corrupted data.

AEntity integrity

Entity integrity ensures that each record has a unique primary key and that the primary key is never null, which is not directly threatened by concurrent access to an *existing* record.

BAvailability integrity

Availability integrity refers to the data being accessible when needed, and concurrent access doesn't inherently prevent availability, although conflicts can cause temporary delays.

CReferential integrity

Referential integrity ensures that relationships between tables are maintained (e.g., foreign keys reference valid primary keys), which is not the primary risk of concurrent updates to a *single* record.

DData integrityCorrect

The greatest risk if two users have concurrent access to the same database record is data integrity, as simultaneous modifications without proper concurrency control can lead to lost updates, inconsistent data, or corrupted information. This means one user's changes might overwrite another's, or the final state of the record might not accurately reflect the intended operations from both users, thus compromising the accuracy and consistency of the data.

Concept tested: Database concurrency control risks

Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/sql-server-transaction-locking-and-row-versioning-guide

Topics

#Data integrity#Database concurrency#Concurrency control#Information security principles

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