Which database transaction property ensures that transactional changes to a database are preserved during unexpected operating system restarts?

Durability ensures that once a transaction has been successfully committed, the changes made to the database are permanent and will persist even through system outages like unexpected operating system restarts or power failures.

Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as an indivisible unit, either fully committing or fully rolling back, but doesn't specifically address persistence across system restarts.

Consistency ensures that a transaction brings the database from one valid state to another, maintaining all defined rules and constraints, but doesn't directly relate to data survival after system failure.

Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other and appear to execute sequentially, not that committed changes survive system restarts.