A financial trading organization plans to monitor the network latency for multicast market data feeds on a hop-by-hop basis. Which technology must be added to their design to support requirement?

NBAR (Network-Based Application Recognition) classifies application traffic for policy and QoS enforcement but does not export timing or latency measurements on a per-hop basis.

IPFIX (IP Flow Information Export, RFC 7011) is a flexible push-based telemetry protocol that exports flow records containing ingress and egress timestamps, byte counts, and performance metrics from each network device. When deployed at every hop in the multicast path, IPFIX records can be correlated to calculate per-hop latency for each multicast market data flow.

PTP (Precision Time Protocol) synchronizes device clocks to enable accurate timestamping but is not itself a telemetry or flow-export technology that measures and reports hop-by-hop latency.

SPAN (Switched Port Analyzer) mirrors traffic to a capture interface for offline analysis but does not provide automated, scalable hop-by-hop latency telemetry for multicast flows.