Refer to the exhibit. You are a network designer who is given these design requirements: - Multicast services must be provided for Layer 3 VPN customers - The same forwarding technology must be used…

Multipoint-to-point LDP is not a defined multicast VPN technology; MLDP uses point-to-multipoint or multipoint-to-multipoint trees, not a convergence toward a single point.

MSDP is an inter-domain multicast RP peering protocol used to share active source information between PIM-SM domains and does not provide MPLS-based multicast VPN transport.

MLDP (Multipoint LDP) VPN builds P2MP or MP2MP label-switched trees through the MPLS core, using the same MPLS forwarding plane as unicast L3 VPN traffic; the ingress PE pushes a single labeled packet into the multipoint LSP and all replication is performed by P routers in the core, satisfying the no-ingress-PE-replication and same-forwarding-technology requirements simultaneously.

The Rosen Draft mVPN uses GRE-encapsulated PIM tunnels for the MDT, which is a different forwarding technology than the MPLS label switching used for unicast L3 VPN packets, violating the same-forwarding-technology requirement.