Which of the following algorithms can be used to guarantee the integrity of messages being sent, in transit, or stored?

Symmetric algorithms are used for confidentiality (encryption and decryption) and do not inherently guarantee integrity on their own, although they can be combined with hashing for integrity.

Asymmetric algorithms (public/private key cryptography) are primarily used for confidentiality, authentication, and non-repudiation, not solely for ensuring message integrity.

Hashing algorithms, such as SHA-256 or MD5, generate a unique, fixed-length output (a hash or message digest) from input data. Any alteration to the original message, even a single bit, will result in a completely different hash value, thereby providing a robust mechanism to detect tampering and guarantee message integrity.

While 'integrity algorithms' is a descriptive term, 'hashing algorithms' is the specific and technically accurate cryptographic term for the algorithms that achieve this purpose.