_________ is a type of phishing that targets high-profile executives such as CEOs, CFOs, politicians, and celebrities who have access to confidential and highly valuable information.

Spear phishing targets specific named individuals or organizations with personalized content, but it is not limited to high-profile executives and can target any individual at any level.

Whaling is a specialized form of spear phishing that exclusively targets senior executives, board members, politicians, and other high-value individuals (the 'big fish'). Attackers craft highly convincing messages tailored to the target's role and authority, often impersonating legal, regulatory, or financial communications to manipulate the target into revealing credentials or authorizing fraudulent transactions.

Vishing (voice phishing) uses phone calls or voice messages to deceive victims rather than email-based attacks targeting executives specifically.

Phishing is a broad, indiscriminate attack sent to large numbers of recipients without personalization or targeting of high-profile individuals.