Which of the following would allow physical access to a restricted area while maintaining a record of events?

A hard token is a physical device used for authentication, not a system for controlling and recording physical access to an area.

An access control vestibule, also known as a mantrap, is a physical security system with two or more interlocking doors, requiring one door to close before the next can open, and typically integrates with an access control system to log entries and exits, providing a record of events. This setup enhances security by allowing only one person or a controlled number of people to enter at a time and tracks their passage.

A key fob is an access credential used to gain entry, but it is not the mechanism that controls the physical access or maintains the record of events itself; it's part of a larger access control system.

A door lock secures a door but does not inherently provide a detailed record of who accessed the door and when, especially without an integrated electronic access control system.