Which management security process is invoked when a user logs in to a network device using their username and password?

Authentication is the process of verifying a user's identity, typically by checking provided credentials like a username and password against a database or directory service, to confirm they are who they claim to be.

Auditing involves reviewing logs and security events to detect anomalies or policy violations, which happens after or in parallel with login, not as the login process itself.

Accounting involves tracking user activities, such as login times, data usage, and services accessed, after they have been authenticated and authorized.

Authorization is the process of determining what actions or resources an authenticated user is permitted to access, which occurs after successful authentication.