Which statement is true about redo log files during instance recovery?

Inactive redo logs contain changes that have already been written past the checkpoint to data files, making them unnecessary for instance recovery; only current and active online redo logs are required.

Applying all entries in both current and active logs regardless of checkpoint would be incorrect - only entries at or after the most recent checkpoint SCN are needed, as earlier changes are already durably reflected in the data files.

Instance recovery applies redo log entries starting from the last recorded checkpoint SCN and rolls forward through the current online redo log to reconstruct committed but unflushed changes. The checkpoint position defines exactly where recovery must begin, and because all changes prior to that point are already written to data files, only the current (and active) online redo logs are needed - archived redo logs are not required for crash recovery.

Archived redo logs are used for media recovery when restoring from a backup, not for instance (crash) recovery, which is entirely handled by the online redo log groups.