The current directory contains the following file: -rw-r--r-- 1 root exec 24551 Apr 2 12:36 test.sh The file contains a valid shell script, but executing this file using ./test.sh leads to this…

Linux file executability is determined entirely by the execute permission bit, not by the filename extension; renaming .sh to .bin has no effect on permissions.

The listed permissions -rw-r--r-- show no execute bit is set for the owner, group, or others. Running 'chmod +x test.sh' adds the execute bit, which is the flag the Linux kernel checks before loading and running a file. Without the execute bit, the kernel rejects execution regardless of the file's valid script content.

The file's group 'exec' has only read permission as shown by -rw-r--r--, so joining that group does not grant execute rights; the execute bit itself must be set on the file.

The SUID bit causes a script to run with the file owner's effective UID, but it does not grant execute permission; the execute bit is still required before the kernel will run the file at all.

#!/test.sh is not a valid way to invoke a script from the command line; the shebang belongs on the first line inside the script file as the interpreter directive, not as a shell command.