Which two statements are true for the Ethernet 802.3 standard? (Choose two.)

The minimum valid 802.3 Ethernet frame size is 64 bytes, not 68 bytes; the 64-byte minimum ensures CSMA/CD can detect collisions across the maximum cable segment before a transmission completes.

In a switched LAN, each port constitutes its own collision domain, which in combination with CSMA/CD effectively eliminates the collisions that would occur in a shared-medium Ethernet segment. The isolation of each port into a distinct collision domain means a frame collision on one segment cannot propagate to others, making CSMA/CD as defined in 802.3 the mechanism that enables this behavior.

IEEE 802.3 explicitly defines both the physical layer - covering cabling, signaling, and bit encoding - and the data link layer MAC sublayer - covering frame formats and the CSMA/CD access control mechanism. This dual-layer scope distinguishes 802.3 from single-layer standards and is why it serves as the foundational specification for all modern Ethernet deployments.

IEEE 802.3ab defines 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet over UTP), not 10 Gigabit Ethernet; 10GBASE-T over UTP is defined by the separate IEEE 802.3an standard.

While upper-layer (including network layer) protocols are transported inside the 802.3 data field, this is not a defining characteristic of the 802.3 standard itself, which specifies only frame structure and media access control - not the content of the payload.