010-111 · Question #168
What are three non-modifiable conditions that place someone at increased risk for the development of coronary artery disease?
The correct answer is C. Advanced age, gender, family history. Advanced age, gender, and family history are the three classic non-modifiable CAD risk factors because none can be changed through lifestyle or medical intervention.
Question
What are three non-modifiable conditions that place someone at increased risk for the development of coronary artery disease?
Options
- AGender, family history, dyslipidemia
- BFamily history, obesity, diabetes mellitus
- CAdvanced age, gender, family history
- DPost-menopausal status, excessive alcohol consumption, advanced age
How the community answered
(51 responses)- A6% (3)
- B10% (5)
- C82% (42)
- D2% (1)
Why each option
Advanced age, gender, and family history are the three classic non-modifiable CAD risk factors because none can be changed through lifestyle or medical intervention.
Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor that can be addressed through dietary change, physical activity, and lipid-lowering medications such as statins, so it does not belong in a non-modifiable list.
Obesity and diabetes mellitus are both modifiable risk factors - obesity can be reduced through lifestyle intervention and diabetes can be managed or prevented through diet, exercise, and medication.
Advanced age increases cardiovascular risk as arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic burden accumulate over time. Gender - male sex and post-menopausal status in females - confers increased CAD risk through hormonal and physiological differences that cannot be reversed. Family history of premature CAD reflects a genetic predisposition that is entirely non-modifiable, distinguishing all three from risk factors that respond to behavioral or pharmacological intervention.
Excessive alcohol consumption is a behavioral risk factor that can be reduced or eliminated by the individual, making it modifiable and therefore incorrect for this category.
Concept tested: Non-modifiable coronary artery disease risk factors
Source: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/understand-your-risks-to-prevent-a-heart-attack
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