After attempting to harden a web server, a security analyst needs to determine if an application remains vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. Which of the following would BEST assist the analyst in ma

tracert (traceroute) is a network diagnostic tool used to trace the path packets take to a destination host, providing no capability to test application-layer vulnerabilities like SQL injection.

A fuzzer automates the process of sending a large variety of malformed, unexpected, or random inputs-including SQL injection payloads-into application input fields to detect vulnerabilities. It is purpose-built for application-layer vulnerability testing, making it the ideal tool to determine if a web application remains susceptible to SQL injection after hardening. Tools like SQLMap are a specific type of fuzzer commonly used for this exact scenario.

nslookup is a DNS query tool used to resolve domain names to IP addresses, which has no relevance to testing web application input handling or SQL injection vulnerabilities.

Nmap is a network scanner used for port discovery and service enumeration; while it has some scripting capabilities, it is not designed to perform deep application-layer SQL injection testing.

netcat is a network utility used to read and write raw data across network connections, and while it can send basic HTTP requests, it lacks the automated payload generation required to effectively test for SQL injection.