Which of the following permissions would enable users to modify files or directories on a server?

Access is a general term, not a standard discrete file system permission; the three standard permission types are read, write, and execute.

Execute permission allows a file to be run as a program or a directory to be traversed, but does not permit modifying file contents.

Read permission allows users to view or open file contents only, without the ability to change or delete them.

Write permission grants the ability to alter file contents, rename files, create new files within a directory, and delete entries, as defined in both NTFS and Unix/Linux permission models. It is the discrete permission level that controls modification rather than just viewing or executing. Without write access, users are restricted to read-only or execute-only interactions depending on their other granted permissions.