A systems administrator creates a new file server. Before the users can access the server, which of the following must be done FIRST?

Setting up an iSCSI target configures network-based block storage connectivity and is not required before users can access a standard file server.

Configuring WWN on a SAN applies to Fibre Channel storage area networks and has no bearing on enabling user access to a file server.

Joining the server to the domain or directory service is the prerequisite step that allows user accounts and group policies to be applied, enabling authenticated access to file shares. Without domain membership, the server cannot validate user credentials against Active Directory, meaning users would be unable to log in or access any shared resources. All subsequent configuration steps such as share creation and permission assignment depend on domain membership being in place first.

Disabling the firewall is a security risk and is never a recommended prerequisite - proper firewall rules should be configured instead of disabling protection entirely.