You are giving the RHCE exam. Now you should boot your System properly. When you started your System, You got one message. INIT Entering runlevel 9 INIT: no more processes left in this runlevel How…

Question

Explanation

The system is failing to boot because it is trying to enter runlevel 9, which is an invalid runlevel. To fix this and boot the system properly, you need to correct the default runlevel configuration, typically in /etc/inittab.

Procedure:

1. Reboot the system and enter single-user mode (often by appending single or 1 to the kernel boot parameters in GRUB).
2. Edit the /etc/inittab file: vi /etc/inittab
3. Locate the line defining the default runlevel (e.g., id:?:initdefault:).
4. Change the default runlevel to a valid one, such as 3 (Multiuser, with networking) or 5 (X11/GUI). Example: id:3:initdefault:

Context on Runlevels: Runlevels are defined in Red Hat Enterprise Linux:

• 0: Halt (power off)
• 1: Single-user mode, for maintenance (backups/restores) and repairs
• 2: Multiuser, without networking
• 3: Multiuser, with networking (text console)
• 4: Unused
• 5: X11, defaults to a GUI login screen. Logins bring the user to a GUI desktop.
• 6: Reboot (never set initdefault in /etc/inittab to this value!)

Single-user mode (runlevel 1) is the most commonly used option for system maintenance, allowing administrators to perform clean backups, restore partitions, run administration commands, recover passwords, check filesystems, etc.

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