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NSE4 · Question #525

Which best describes the mechanism of a TCP SYN flood?

The correct answer is D. The attacker starts many connections, but never acknowledges to fully form them. A TCP SYN flood is a denial-of-service attack where an attacker initiates numerous TCP connections but never completes the handshake, exhausting the target's connection state resources.

Submitted by weili_xi· Apr 18, 2026Security Profiles and Content Inspection

Question

Which best describes the mechanism of a TCP SYN flood?

Options

  • AThe attackers keeps open many connections with slow data transmission so that other clients
  • BThe attackers sends a packets designed to sync with the FortiGate
  • CThe attacker sends a specially crafted malformed packet, intended to crash the target by
  • DThe attacker starts many connections, but never acknowledges to fully form them.

How the community answered

(41 responses)
  • A
    2% (1)
  • B
    5% (2)
  • D
    93% (38)

Why each option

A TCP SYN flood is a denial-of-service attack where an attacker initiates numerous TCP connections but never completes the handshake, exhausting the target's connection state resources.

AThe attackers keeps open many connections with slow data transmission so that other clients

Keeping open many connections with slow data transmission describes a "slowloris" or similar application-layer DoS attack, not a SYN flood.

BThe attackers sends a packets designed to sync with the FortiGate

Sending packets to "sync" with the FortiGate is vague and doesn't accurately describe the malicious mechanism of a SYN flood, which specifically exploits the TCP handshake.

CThe attacker sends a specially crafted malformed packet, intended to crash the target by

Sending specially crafted malformed packets to crash a target describes a different type of exploit, often involving buffer overflows or protocol vulnerabilities, not a SYN flood.

DThe attacker starts many connections, but never acknowledges to fully form them.Correct

In a SYN flood, the attacker sends many SYN requests, but does not respond to the server's SYN-ACKs, leaving many half-open connections that exhaust the server's connection table or memory.

Concept tested: TCP SYN flood attack mechanism

Source: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.4.0/new-features/618274/syn-flood-protection

Topics

#TCP/IP#DoS Attacks#SYN Flood#Network Security

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