Joshua, a specialist in Penetration Testing, has been hired by Company XYZ to perform a security test on some of their servers. Joshua has been challenged to remain undetected by Company XYZ…

Joshua, a specialist in Penetration Testing, has been hired by Company XYZ to perform a security test on some of their servers. Joshua has been challenged to remain undetected by Company XYZ internal security team. Over the past few days Joshua has been collecting tons of information about his target. He did so by accessing public database and never sending any packets to his target. How would you call this type of information gathering?