A mid-sized company with a small virtual tape library needs to implement a low-cost deduplication strategy. The data to be backed up is in a variety of formats and is not mission-critical. Which dedup

Hash-based chunking divides the data stream into fixed or variable-size segments, computes a hash for each chunk, and stores only unique chunks while replacing duplicates with lightweight references. It operates independently of data format, making it ideal for mixed backup workloads, and it is the lowest-cost deduplication approach available in most VTL appliances.

Object-level differencing compares structured objects such as virtual machine disk images at a semantic level and is designed for VM backup solutions, not general mixed-format tape library environments.

Post-copy comparison is not a recognized or standardized deduplication technology in enterprise backup or VTL contexts.

Host-level file swapping is not a defined deduplication method and does not correspond to any standard backup or storage deduplication technique.