Which SCSI bus specification supports a maximum distance of 12 meters?

Single-Ended (SE) SCSI uses a common ground reference and is highly susceptible to noise, limiting its maximum cable length to typically 1.5 to 3 meters, much shorter than 12 meters.

High-Voltage Differential (HVD) SCSI uses differential signaling and supports cable lengths up to 25 meters, exceeding the 12-meter specification mentioned in the question.

Serial-Attached SCSI (SAS) is a serial point-to-point interface, not a parallel bus specification, and while it uses shorter cables for copper, it's a different technology that doesn't fit the 'SCSI bus specification' context of the other options.

Low-Voltage Differential (LVD) SCSI uses differential signaling, which provides greater noise immunity compared to single-ended SCSI and allows for significantly longer cable lengths, with its specifications commonly supporting a maximum cable distance of 12 meters.