Which of the following is not a reliability technology of the controller server?

Question

Options

• ALocal hardware redundancy protection
• BTE HSB
• CLocal software protection
• DRemote disaster recovery

• A
  13% (4)
• B
  78% (25)
• C
  3% (1)
• D
  6% (2)

Explanation

TE HSB (Traffic Engineering Hot Standby) is a network-level path protection mechanism used in MPLS traffic engineering - it protects data-plane traffic flows, not the controller server itself. Because it operates at the network/forwarding layer rather than the server infrastructure layer, it does not belong in the set of controller server reliability technologies.

Why the distractors are wrong (i.e., they ARE valid controller reliability technologies):

• A (Local hardware redundancy) - covers physical-layer protection such as redundant power supplies, NICs, and storage (RAID), which directly protects the server from hardware failure.
• C (Local software protection) - covers mechanisms like process watchdogs, hot-standby process pairs, and checkpoint/restart that keep the controller software running despite faults.
• D (Remote disaster recovery) - covers geographic redundancy (backup data centers, geo-redundant controller clusters) to survive site-level failures.

Memory tip: Group the real reliability technologies by scope - hardware (A), software (C), and geography (D) - forming a three-layer protection model. TE HSB breaks the pattern because it protects traffic paths in the network, not the server itself; when you see "TE" think "Traffic Engineering," which belongs to the forwarding plane, not the control-plane server.

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