Which of the following utilities provides an efficient way to give specific users permission to use specific system commands at the root level of a Linux operating system?

Snort is a network intrusion detection and prevention system, not a privilege management utility.

Apache is an HTTP web server and has no function related to user privilege delegation.

SSH provides encrypted remote shell access but does not manage which commands specific users may run at the root level.

sudo (superuser do) reads the /etc/sudoers configuration file to determine exactly which users can run which commands as root or another user, providing granular privilege delegation without sharing the root password. This makes it the standard Linux mechanism for controlled privilege escalation on a per-command basis.