Which of the following describes software technologies that improve portability, manageability, and compatibility of applications by encapsulating them from the underlying operating system on which…

The system registry is a hierarchical database in Windows that stores OS and application configuration settings; it does not encapsulate or virtualize applications.

Group Policy is a Windows administration feature for centrally managing user and computer settings across a domain, not a technology for encapsulating application execution.

Application virtualization is the technology that encapsulates an application and its dependencies into an isolated, self-contained package that runs independently of the underlying OS. This improves portability (runs on different OS versions), manageability (centralized deployment and updates), and compatibility (avoids DLL conflicts and OS-specific dependencies). Examples include Microsoft App-V and containerization technologies.

'System control' is not a recognized software technology category and does not describe any feature related to application encapsulation or portability.