Many organizations create network maps of their network system to visualize the network and understand the relationship between the end devices and the transport layer that provide services. Which…

Packet crafting is a technique for constructing custom packets used in penetration testing or protocol analysis, not a recognized network mapping methodology used by large organizations for topology discovery.

Route analytics examines routing protocol data (such as BGP or OSPF) to map the logical topology and inter-device path relationships across the network.

SNMP-based approaches query network devices using the Simple Network Management Protocol to retrieve interface, neighbor, and topology data, enabling automated discovery and mapping.

Active probing sends crafted packets such as ICMP, traceroute, or TCP probes to systematically discover hosts, paths, and service availability across the network.