Which of the following is used to determine the range of IP addresses that are mapped to a live hosts?

A port sweep scans multiple ports on a single host to identify open services, not to discover live hosts across an IP range.

A ping sweep works by sending ICMP echo request packets to every address in a target IP range and recording which addresses return a reply, effectively mapping live hosts. This is the standard reconnaissance technique used to discover active hosts before further scanning. Tools like Nmap use ping sweeps (-sn flag) as a first-pass host discovery method.

IP sweep is not a recognized standard term in network reconnaissance - the correct technical term for this ICMP-based host discovery technique is ping sweep.

Telnet sweep refers to attempting Telnet connections to identify open Telnet services, not to broadly discover live hosts across an IP range.