The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) has received several emails that are missing attachments. Which of the following concerns is the CEO experiencing?

Eavesdropping is a passive attack where an attacker listens to communications without modifying them, so attachments would still be present.

An email service outage would prevent the CEO from receiving any emails at all, not just emails with missing attachments.

A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when an attacker intercepts communication between two parties, potentially modifying or deleting data like email attachments without the parties' knowledge. The absence of attachments in received emails strongly suggests such an interception and manipulation.

A denial-of-service attack prevents legitimate users from accessing a service; it would stop email delivery entirely, not just cause attachments to go missing.