Which of the following cryptographic algorithm uses public key and private key to encrypt or decrypt data ?

Hashing algorithms generate a fixed-size output (hash value) from input data to ensure data integrity, but they are not used for encrypting or decrypting data with keys.

Symmetric cryptography uses a single, shared secret key for both encryption and decryption, requiring both parties to have prior knowledge of this key.

Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public-key cryptography, employs two distinct but mathematically related keys: a public key used for encryption (or verifying digital signatures) and a private key used for decryption (or creating digital signatures). This allows for secure communication without sharing a secret key beforehand.

Numeric is not a type of cryptographic algorithm; it is a category of data type.