Which two characteristics do all static UPS topologies share? (Choose two.)

Question

Options

• AA battery
• BAn inverter
• CA transfer switch
• DA single-phase input

• A
  85% (28)
• B
  3% (1)
• C
  9% (3)
• D
  3% (1)

Explanation

All static UPS topologies - standby (offline), line-interactive, and online double-conversion - rely on a battery (A) to store energy and deliver it to the load during a power failure; without a battery, there is no backup capability. An inverter (B) is also universal across all three types, since each must convert the battery's DC output back to AC to power equipment, which is also the defining feature of "static" UPS designs (solid-state conversion, no rotating parts). A transfer switch (C) is absent in online double-conversion UPS, where the load runs through the inverter path continuously and no switching is needed. Single-phase input (D) is not universal because UPS units are available in both single-phase and three-phase configurations.

Memory tip: Think "Battery and Inverter are the bare minimum" - every static UPS stores energy (battery) and converts it (inverter). Everything else varies by topology.

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