Which of the following best describes the method used to combine files, software, and libraries for use on various operating systems and environments?

A package manager automates the process of installing, updating, configuring, and removing software packages, but doesn't encapsulate an entire environment for portability.

A code repository stores and manages source code versions, not packaged applications with their environments.

A virtual machine virtualizes an entire operating system, which is heavier and less agile than containerization for application portability.

Containerization bundles an application along with all its dependencies (libraries, frameworks, and configuration files) into a single, isolated unit, ensuring consistent operation across diverse environments and operating systems. This allows applications to run reliably regardless of the underlying infrastructure.