Which of the following describes a formal process for acquiring data from websites?

Web data collection is a broader term that could include manual downloading or API calls, not specifically the formal process of programmatically extracting data.

Data acquisition is a very general term for obtaining data from any source, not specific to websites or a formal extraction method.

Data merging is the process of combining two or more datasets into a single dataset, which is different from acquiring data from websites.

Web scraping describes the formal, often programmatic process of extracting data from websites, typically by parsing HTML or other web content.