A company uses SaaS and IaaS solutions from multiple cloud providers. Users report that this requires them to manage and remember multiple user accounts and passwords. Which of the following…

SSO centralizes authentication through a single identity provider, so users log in once and are transparently granted access to all integrated cloud services without entering separate credentials for each application. This directly resolves the complaint of managing multiple accounts and passwords across SaaS and IaaS providers from different vendors.

Federation establishes a trust relationship between separate identity systems and is often the underlying technology that makes SSO possible, but it is an infrastructure-level mechanism rather than the user-facing solution that eliminates multiple login credentials.

Password synchronization keeps passwords consistent across systems but does not eliminate the requirement for users to authenticate separately to each service.

Lowering password complexity reduces security posture without reducing the number of accounts or login events users must manage.

Multifactor authentication adds an additional verification factor to logins but does not consolidate accounts or reduce the number of separate credentials users must maintain.