Which of the following authentication types is being required when a user must swipe a key card and then enter a password before being allowed access to the server room?

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) requires the presentation of two or more distinct categories of credentials. In this scenario, swiping a key card represents 'something you have,' while entering a password represents 'something you know,' combining two different factors to verify identity before granting access to the server room.

Single sign-on (SSO) enables a user to authenticate once and access multiple applications or services without re-entering credentials, which is unrelated to combining multiple authentication factors for a single access point.

Biometric authentication relies on unique biological traits (e.g., fingerprint, facial scan), which are not present in the described methods of a key card swipe and password entry.

Single-factor authentication (SFA) involves using only one type of credential, whereas the scenario clearly describes the use of two distinct authentication methods.