Which of the following refers to the ability to ensure that the data is not modified or tampered with?

Integrity, in the context of information security, refers to the assurance that information has not been modified or destroyed in an unauthorized manner. It ensures that data is accurate, complete, and consistent throughout its lifecycle, preventing tampering.

Availability ensures that authorized users have timely and uninterrupted access to information and resources.

Non-repudiation provides irrefutable proof that a specific action or event has occurred, preventing a party from denying their involvement.

Confidentiality protects information from unauthorized disclosure or access, ensuring only authorized parties can view it.